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1.
Rev. cuba. angiol. cir. vasc ; 21(3): e189, sept.-dic. 2020. fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1156375

ABSTRACT

En otro editorial ya se enunciaba la importancia de hacer el diagnóstico oportuno y el tratamiento adecuado de las enfermedades vasculares periféricas para apoyar su prevención en los pacientes que lo requirieran. También se alertaba sobre la necesidad, para el médico y la enfermera de la familia, de ejecutar acciones como las actividades docentes y el aporte de conocimientos adecuados acerca de estas enfermedades(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis
3.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 11(4): 495-499, out.-dez. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-699863

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Verificar se há relação entre a medida da capacidade funcional avaliada subjetiva e objetivamente em relação ao estado atual e após tratamento clínico em pacientes com claudicação intermitente. MÉTODOS: Foram recrutados 500 pacientes com claudicação intermitente. Todos realizaram exame clínico e foram submetidos a uma avaliação funcional por meio do método subjetivo (consulta clínica) e objetivo (teste de esteira). Adicionalmente, 50 pacientes foram selecionados para se avaliar o efeito do tratamento clínico, pelos métodos subjetivo e objetivo, em relação à capacidade funcional. RESULTADOS: Dos 500 pacientes selecionados, somente 60 (12,0%) apresentaram valores referidos e observados similares. Os demais pacientes, ou seja, 440 (88,0%) apresentaram valores relatados discordantes em relação àqueles obtidos no teste de esforço. Com relação ao efeito do tratamento clínico em relação à capacidade funcional, os resultados foram similares entre ambos os métodos (χ²=1,7; p=0,427). CONCLUSÃO: Apesar de o método subjetivo superestimar os valores de capacidade funcional, quando comparados ao método objetivo, não foram observadas diferenças significantes entre ambos os métodos, quando se analisou o efeito do tratamento clínico. Assim, o método subjetivo fornece informações similares em comparação à medida objetiva no acompanhamento do tratamento clínico de pacientes com claudicação intermitente.


OBJECTIVE: To analyze if there is any relation between functional capacity assessed by subjective and objective methods regarding the current state and after clinical treatment in patients with intermittent claudication. METHODS: A total of 500 patients with intermittent claudication were enrolled. All patients underwent clinical examination and a functional evaluation by subjective (clinical visit) and objective method (treadmill test). Additionally, 50 patients were selected to evaluate the effect of clinical treatment by subjective and objective methods in relation to functional capacity. RESULTS: Out of 500 patients, only 60 (12.0%) had similar results in both methods. The remaining, that is 440 patients (88.0%) had subject values in disagreement with stress test findings. Regarding the clinical effect of the treatment on the functional outcomes, results were similar in both methods (χ²=1.7; p=0.427). CONCLUSION: Although the subjective method overestimates the functional capacity when compared to the objective method, no significant differences were observed between both methods when analyzing the effect of clinical treatment. Thus, the subjective method provides similar information as compared with objective method, in monitoring the clinical treatment of patients with intermittent claudication.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Exercise Tolerance , Intermittent Claudication/therapy , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/therapy , Symptom Assessment/methods , Diagnostic Self Evaluation , Exercise Test , Intermittent Claudication/diagnosis , Intermittent Claudication/etiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/complications , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Walking
4.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 99(3): 857-865, set. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-649266

ABSTRACT

A Vasodilatação Mediada por Fluxo (VMF) da artéria braquial, por meio da ultrassonografia, é um método de avaliação da função endotelial que pode oferecer informações fisiopatológicas, diagnósticas e prognósticas. A realização dessa revisão sistemática objetivou avaliar o nível de evidência na literatura a respeito da capacidade preditora da função endotelial, medida pela VMF da artéria braquial, por meio da ultrassonografia, quanto a eventos cardiovasculares, em indivíduos portadores de aterosclerose. Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados MEDLINE, SCIELO e LILACS e selecionados estudos de coorte prospectivos, em seres humanos, que analisaram o valor prognóstico da função endotelial medida pela VMF da artéria braquial, em populações portadoras de doença aterosclerótica, periférica ou coronariana. Trabalhos com evidentes vieses metodológicos foram excluídos. A seleção final constituiu-se de 15 estudos. Dos 13 estudos que, na análise univariada, mostraram significância estatística do método da VMF na predição de eventos cardiovasculares, 12 deles demonstraram sua capacidade preditora independente, em análise multivariada. Em nenhum dos trabalhos foi descrito valor prognóstico incremental em relação a modelos preditores tradicionais, como escore de Framingham. Resultados de três trabalhos sugerem que o método agrega valor prognóstico a marcadores isolados como: Índice Tornozelo-Braquial (ITB), diabetes e Proteína C Reativa (PCR) de alta sensibilidade. Em conclusão, a VMF da artéria braquial prediz risco cardiovascular, porém não é estabelecido seu valor preditor incremental a modelos prognósticos clínicos, não havendo, até o momento, evidências sólidas que amparem seu uso na rotina clínica para predição de risco cardiovascular.


Analysis of flow-mediated vasodilation (FMV) of the brachial artery by use of ultrasound allows assessing endothelial function, and provides pathophysiological, diagnostic and prognostic information. This systematic review was aimed at assessing the literature level of evidence of the predictive capacity of endothelial function, measured through brachial artery FMV by use of ultrasound, regarding cardiovascular events in individuals with atherosclerosis. The MEDLINE, SCIELO and LILACS databases were searched, and prospective cohort studies on human beings about the prognostic value of endothelial function, measured by use of brachial artery FMV in individuals with peripheral or coronary atherosclerosis, were selected. Studies with clear methodological biases were excluded. The final selection consisted of 15 studies. Of the 13 studies that on univariate analysis showed statistical significance of the FMV method to predict cardiovascular events, 12 showed independent predictive capacity on multivariate analysis. None of the studies reviewed described the incremental predictive value of FMV to the traditional predictive models, such as the Framingham score. Results of three studies have suggested that the method adds prognostic value to isolated markers such as ankle-brachial index (ABI), diabetes, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). In conclusion, brachial artery FMV predicts cardiovascular risk, but its incremental predictive value to clinical prognostic models has not been established. In addition, solid evidence supporting its use in routine clinical practice to predict cardiovascular risk still lacks.


Subject(s)
Humans , Atherosclerosis/physiopathology , Brachial Artery/physiology , Endothelium, Vascular/physiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Ankle Brachial Index , Biomarkers , Blood Flow Velocity , Brachial Artery , Prognosis , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/physiopathology , Vasodilation
5.
Rev. bras. ecocardiogr. imagem cardiovasc ; 25(2): 122-125, abr.-jun. 2012. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-619143

ABSTRACT

A síndrome de May-Thurner consiste na compressão extrínseca da veia ilíaca comum esquerda pela artéria ilíaca comum direita, podendo ocasionar trombose venosa profunda e graus variados de insuficiência venosa crônica. O objetivo deste relato de caso é demonstrar os diversos aspectos relacionados ao diagnóstico e conduta em uma pacientes portadora da sindrome de May-Thurner, com diagnóstico inicial pela ultrassonografia abdominal com Doppler e submetida à angioplastia com implante de stent, com resultados satisfatórios.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Iliac Artery/surgery , Constriction, Pathologic/surgery , Constriction, Pathologic/complications , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/complications , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Venous Thrombosis/complications , Lower Extremity , Ultrasonography/methods , Ultrasonography
6.
Rev. bras. cardiol. (Impr.) ; 25(2): 94-101, mar.-abr. 2012. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-629912

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: A doença arterial obstrutiva periférica (DAOP) é forte marcador de doenças cardiovasculares, havendo associação entre a DAOP e outras manifestações ateroscleróticas, entre elas a doença arterial coronariana (DAC). Objetivo: Analisar a presença da DAOP em pacientes submetidos ao cateterismo cardíaco, utilizando o índice tornozelo-braquial (ITB) e sua relação com a DAC. Métodos: Elaborou-se formulário de avaliação clínica, sendo os pesquisadores treinados para realizar a medida do ITB de forma padronizada. Para a realização da medida foi utilizado o aparelho Doppler Vascular Portátil (DV610, MEDMEGA) e o esfigmomanômetro (Diasyst). Resultados: Em relação aos fatores de risco cardiovascular associados ao ITB anormal não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa; porém ao se analisar quanto à classificação do grau da lesão coronariana através do cateterismo cardíaco, houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) quando comparado o ITB anormal com lesão denominada grave. Conclusão: O ITB pode ser uma ferramenta eficaz de triagem da aterosclerose difusa principalemnte em pacientes de alto risco, pois houve associação significativa (>70%) entre a DAOP e a DAC através do cateterismo cardíaco.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cardiac Catheterization/methods , Cardiac Catheterization , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/complications , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Ankle Brachial Index , Observational Studies as Topic , Risk Factors
7.
Rev. latinoam. enferm ; 20(2): 251-258, May-Apr. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-626603

ABSTRACT

Distances walked in walking tests are important functional markers, although they are not accepted as defining characteristics of Ineffective Peripheral Tissue Perfusion. The aims of this study were to verify the distances participants with and without this nursing diagnosis walked in the six-minute walk test and if these measures may be considered defining characteristics of this phenomenon. Participants with (group A; n=65) and without (group B; n=17) this nursing diagnosis were evaluated regarding physical examination, vascular function and functional capacity. Participants of group A seemed to have worse vascular function and functional capacity compared with those of group B. Pain-free travelled distance was predictive of the nursing diagnosis. These results are important for the refinement of this diagnosis. In conclusion, this study provides evidences that the distances walked in the six-minute walk test may be considered defining characteristics of Ineffective Peripheral Tissue Perfusion.


Distâncias percorridas em testes de marcha são importantes marcadores funcionais, porém, não são aceitos como características definidoras de Perfusão Tissular Periférica Ineficaz. Os objetivos foram verificar as distâncias percorridas no teste de caminhada de seis minutos, por participantes com e sem esse diagnóstico de enfermagem, e se tais medidas podem ser consideradas características definidoras desse fenômeno. A amostra foi composta por sujeitos com (grupo A, n=65) e sem (grupo B, n=17) Perfusão Tissular Periférica Ineficaz, avaliados quanto ao exame físico, à função vascular periférica e à capacidade funcional. Os participantes do grupo A apresentaram pior função vascular e capacidade funcional do que os do grupo B. Verificou-se que a distância percorrida livre de dor foi preditiva para a ocorrência do diagnóstico de enfermagem. Os resultados deste estudo são importantes para o refinamento desse diagnóstico. Conclui-se que as distâncias percorridas no teste de caminhada de seis minutos podem ser características definidoras de Perfusão Tissular Periférica Ineficaz.


Las distancias en pruebas de marcha son importantes marcadores funcionales, pero no son aceptados como características de definición de la Perfusión Tisular Periférica Inefectiva. Los objetivos fueron determinar las distancias recorridas en la prueba de caminata de los seis minutos por los participantes con e sin el diagnóstico de enfermería y si esas medidas se pueden considerar características de definición de este fenómeno. Los participantes con (grupo A, n=65) y sin (grupo B, n=17) el diagnóstico fueron evaluados mediante examen físico, función vascular periférica y capacidad funcional. Los participantes del grupo A ha presentado peor función vascular y desempeño en la prueba de marcha do que aquellos del grupo B. La distancia recorrida libre de dolor fue predictiva del diagnóstico de enfermería. Los resultados de este estudio pueden contribuir para el refinamiento de este diagnóstico. Las distancias recorridas en la prueba de marcha se pueden considerar características de definición de este diagnóstico.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Exercise Test/methods , Nursing Diagnosis/methods , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Cross-Sectional Studies , Time Factors , Walking
9.
Korean Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 157-162, 2012.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-77874

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To compare the effectiveness of intravitreal injections of bevacizumab and ranibizumab in patients with treatment-naive polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). METHODS: Records from 106 consecutive patients who received intraviteral bevacizumab (n = 58, 1.25 mg) or ranibizumab (n = 52, 0.5 mg) for treatment of PCV were retrospectively reviewed. After three initial monthly loading injections, injection was performed as needed. The main outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), foveal central thickness (FCT) as assessed by spectral domain optical coherence tomography, and the changes in polypoidal lesions based on an indocyanine green angiography. RESULTS: The average number of injections was 3.31 +/- 1.25 in the bevacizumab group and 3.44 +/- 0.92 in the ranibizumab group. Mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution of BCVA from baseline to 6 months after injection improved by 0.17 in the bevacizumab group (p = 0.03) and by 0.19 in the ranibizumab group (p = 0.01). Average FCT decreased from 322 +/- 62.48 microm to 274 +/- 40.77 microm in the bevacizumab group (p = 0.02) and from 338 +/- 50.79 microm to 286 +/- 36.93 microm in the ranibizumab group (p = 0.02). Polyp regression rate was 20.7% (12 of 58 eyes) in the bevacizumab group and 21.2% (11 of 52 eyes) in the ranibizumab group. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in BCVA improvement achieved, FCT improvement achieved, and polyp regression rate between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal injections of bevacizumab and ranibizumab have similar effects in stabilizing of visual acuity, macular edema, and regression of polypoidal complex in PCV eyes over the short term.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage , Choroid/blood supply , Choroid Diseases/diagnosis , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Fluorescein Angiography , Follow-Up Studies , Fovea Centralis/pathology , Fundus Oculi , Intravitreal Injections , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Treatment Outcome , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors , Visual Acuity
10.
Indian J Med Sci ; 2011 Sept; 65(9) 406-410
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-145698

ABSTRACT

Guidelines for measuring blood pressure includes measurement of blood pressure on both arms but it is often ignored. Our case report aims at highlighting the need follow the guidelines. A 60 year old 59 kg weighing male asymptomatic patient without any comobidities was posted for bilateral inguinal hernia repair. The interarm blood pressure difference was discovered incidentally during his preanaesthetic evalution. On further evaluation patient was found to be having subclavian stenosis on left side which was asymptomatic. Intraoperative and post operative period was uneventful. Blood pressure measurement should be done in accordance with the stipulated guidelines. Inter arm blood pressure difference should be noted in all patients as not only for diagnosis and treatment of hypertension but also as a tool to diagnose asymptomatic peripheral vascular disesase.


Subject(s)
Aged , Arm/physiology , Blood Pressure/physiology , Blood Pressure Determination/methods , Blood Pressure Determination/standards , Hernia, Inguinal/surgery , Humans , Hypertension/epidemiology , Hypertension/diagnosis , Male , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/epidemiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis
11.
Rev. urug. cardiol ; 25(2): 105-138, sept. 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-587997

ABSTRACT

Los sistemas de prevención cardiovascular basados en la determinación de factores de riesgo presentan limitaciones para cuantificar el riesgo de un sujeto. Los factores de riesgo son predictores de aterosclerosis en la población, pero fallan en identificar qué sujetos desarrollarán la enfermedad y/o tendrán eventos cardiovasculares; los que frecuentemente se presentan en sujetos de riesgo bajo o intermedio. En este contexto, guías/consensos sugieren realizar estudios no invasivos en sujetos asintomáticos para estratificar el riesgo individual, detectar y tratar la aterosclerosis en etapa subclínica. Para ello se han propuesto diferentes abordajes que permiten caracterizar la estructura y/o función arterial por métodos no invasivos, brindando información complementaria, que adiciona a la obtenida con la determinación de los factores de riesgo. En Uruguay, recientemente se creó un centro universitario interdisciplinario (CUiiDARTE, Centro Universitario de Investigación, Innovación y Diagnóstico Arterial), que tiene entre sus objetivos implementar técnicas no invasivas para la evaluación integral de la estructura y función arterial, posibilitando dar respuesta a la necesidad de estratificación individualizada del riesgo cardiovascular y detección de aterosclerosis subclínica. En este trabajo se presenta el abordaje de evaluación vascular empleado en CUiiDARTE y basados en nuestra experiencia, se discuten aspectos teóricos y prácticos de los test no invasivos utilizados y parámetros estudiados.


Traditional risk factors-guided cardiovascular prevention/treatment has clear limitations in individual subjects management. Often, individuals with similar risk factor profiles have differences in the atherosclerosis development and are at different cardiovascular risk. Therefore, while risk factors are good predictors of atherosclerosis in a population, they cannot identify who will develop the disease and/or will have a cardiovascular event. In this context, there have been published guidelines calling for non-invasive atherosclerosis screening and risk stratification in asymptomatic subjects. Several approaches have been proposed for the vascular evaluation, and although the screening tests used vary among laboratories, in general terms their are underused. In Uruguay, it was recently created an interdisciplinary university center (CUiiDARTE, Centro Universitario de Investigación, Innovación y Diagnóstico Arterial), which has as a main aim the implementation of non-invasive techniques to evaluate the arterial structural and functional properties, that could allow stratifying the individual cardiovascular risk and identifying sub-clinical atherosclerosis. In this work we present the integral vascular approach used in CUiiDARTE and based in our experience we discuss, theoretical and practical issues related with the tests performed and parameters calculated.


Subject(s)
Humans , Carotid Arteries/ultrastructure , Carotid Arteries , Atherosclerosis/diagnosis , Atherosclerosis , Carotid Artery Diseases/diagnosis , Carotid Artery Diseases/prevention & control , Ankle Brachial Index , Aorta/physiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/prevention & control , Risk Factors , Blood Pressure , Tunica Intima/ultrastructure , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Pulsed
12.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2010. 131 p. tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-590530

ABSTRACT

A Doença da Artéria Periférica (DAP) é o resultado do processo aterosclerótico das artérias dos membros superiores, inferiores, aorta abdominal e seus ramos viscerais, que acomete cerca de 8,5 milhões de brasileiros. É responsável por 200 a 280/100.000 amputações/ano em não diabéticos. OBJETIVO: Detectar a DAP sintomática e assintomática nos pacientes com >- 30 anos, assistidos na Unidade docente - assistencial de Angiologia (UDA) do Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas - UERJ, com o intuito de descrever os fatores de risco (FR) e associação com doença renal crônica (DRC) à DAP, a partir da aferição do índice tornozelo-braço (ITB); determinar a alteração da filtração glomerular estimada (FGe) por equações, relacionando-a à progressão da DAP. MÉTODO: Foi usado um questionário padrão e o ITB para identificar os pacientes com e sem DAP. Correlacionou-se as variáveis laboratoriais, como os níveis séricos de colesterol, triglicerídeos, HDL-c, LDL-c, glicemia, homocisteína com a FGe e com o ITB. As análises estatísticas foram feitas pelo prorama Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 16.0 RESULTADOS: Os resultados apontaram para a importância do ITB no diagnóstico da DAP, com configuração de graus de obstrução leve, discreta, moderada e grave para os sintomáticos, e a identificação dos assintomáticos, possibilitando intervenção nos fatores de risco demarcados e o controle de suas complicações. O tabagismo mostrou-se como o FR com razão de risco mais importante para DAP. A hipertensão sistólica e a diastólica foram variáveis clínicas mais significativas que o diabetes mellitus. Os marcadores séricos tradicionais para DAP: colesterol total, triglicerídeos e glicemia mostraram significância estatística. A homocisteína foi o marcdor mais significativo em relação à DAP. Ocorreu associação entre redução do ITB com a elevação dos níveis pressóricos, das glicemias, da homocisteína, assim como diminuição das médias da FGe...


Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is the result of the atherosclerotic process involving arteries of superior and inferior limbs, abdominal aorta and its visceral branches. Its prevalence is about 8.5 million Brazilians and is responsible for 200-280/100.000 amputations/year in no diabetic patients and 3.000-3.900/100.000 amputations/year in diabetics patients. OBJECTIVE: Detect symptomatic and asymptomatic PAD, using the ankle brachial index (ABI), in patients >- 30 years old attended in the Unidade Docente - Assistencial de Angiologia (UDA), correlating it with risk factors (RF) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), with intention to describe the RF and association with chronic kidney disease. METHOD: It was used a standard questionnaire and the ABI to identify patients with and without PAD. Laboratorial tests, as total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-c, LDL-c, glycemia, creatinine and homocysteine were correlated to ABI. Statistical analyses were done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 16.0 program RESULTS: The results had pointed to the importance of the ABI in the diagnosis of PAD, with degrees of mild, discrete, moderate and severe stenosis for the symptomatic patients, and the identication of the asymptomatic ones, making possible intervention in he RF and control of their complications. Tabagism was confirmed as the RF with most important odds ratio for PAD. The systolic and diastolic hypertension showed to be more significant than diabetes mellitus, as diseases associated to PAD. In laboratorial evaluation, the traditional blood markers for PAD: total cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose had shown statistics significance. Homocysteine was the marker most significant in PAD. Association between reduction of ABI with systolic and diastolic hypertension and glycemias occurred, as well as reduction of the averages of the eGFR. CONCLUSION: In patients with PAD, hyperhomocysteinemia and decrease of eGFR are possible...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Ankle Brachial Index , Atherosclerosis/complications , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Hyperhomocysteinemia , Intermittent Claudication , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/etiology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/physiopathology , Risk Factors , Glomerular Filtration Rate/physiology , Amputation, Surgical/statistics & numerical data , Tobacco Use Disorder/adverse effects
13.
J. vasc. bras ; 8(4): 318-326, dez. 2009. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-543399

ABSTRACT

Contexto: Estudos recentes indicam que a concentração elevada de homocisteína é um fator de risco importante e prevalente para doença vascular aterosclerótica coronariana, cerebral e periférica. Objetivo: Tendo em vista a escassez de informações relacionadas à hiper-homocisteinemia em doença arterial periférica (DAP) no Brasil e as peculiaridades de nossa população, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a frequência de hiper-homocisteinemia em amostra dessa população em um ensaio clínico com indivíduos portadores e não portadores de DAP atendidos em um serviço público brasileiro. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo ensaio clínico caso-controle com 40 indivíduos portadores de DAP confirmada por Doppler ultrassom (grupo DAP) em comparação com 20 indivíduos voluntários sem DAP (grupo-controle). Resultados: A DAP predominante foi a isquemia crônica de membros (75 por cento). As concentrações plasmáticas medianas de homocisteína de jejum foram significantemente maiores no grupo DAP do que no grupo-controle (16,7 versus 12,9 µmol/L, p = 0,001), tanto nos homens (18,9 versus 14,0 µmol/L, p = 0,005) quanto nas mulheres (13,9 versus 11,2 µmol/L, p = 0,025). Quanto à proporção de indivíduos com hiper-homocisteinemia, observou-se tendência a uma maior frequência no grupo DAP (60 por cento) em relação ao grupo-controle (30 por cento) (p = 0,054). Nos indivíduos com idade inferior a 60 anos foram encontrados valores medianos de homocisteína significantemente mais elevados no grupo DAP (p = 0,041). Conclusões: A hiper-homocisteinemia é um fator de risco importante e foi encontrada em 60 por cento dos indivíduos portadores de DAP atendidos em um serviço público no Brasil.


Background: Recent studies have suggested that high level of homocysteine is an important and prevalent risk factor for coronary, cerebral and peripheral arterial disease. Objective: In light of the lack of information on hyperhomocysteinemia in peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in Brazil and the peculiarities of its population, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the frequency of hyperhomocysteinemia in a sample of the Brazilian population by means of a clinical trial involving individuals with and without PAD being treated at a public health care facility. Methods: A case-controlled clinical trial was conducted with 40 individuals with a PAD diagnosis confirmed by Doppler ultrasound (PAD group) compared with 20 volunteer individuals without PAD (control group). Results: The predominant PAD was chronic limb ischemia (75 percent). Median fasting plasma levels of homocysteine were significantly higher in the PAD group than in the control group (16.7 vs. 12.9 ìmol/L, p = 0.001), both in men (18.9 vs. 14.0 ìmol/L, p = 0.005) and women (13.9 vs. 11.2 ìmol/L, p = 0.025). As to the proportion of individuals with hyperhomocysteinemia, a tendency toward a higher frequency was observed in the PAD group (60 percent) in relation to the control group (30 percent) (p = 0.054). Individuals aged less than 60 years had significantly high median values of homocysteine in the PAD group (p = 0.041). Conclusions: Hyperhomocysteinemia was a prevalent and important risk factor in individuals with PAD treated at a public health care facility in Brazil.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/complications , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Hyperhomocysteinemia , Homocysteine/adverse effects , Risk Factors
14.
Rev. argent. ultrason ; 8(3): 154-156, sept. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-532814

ABSTRACT

En esta parte del artículo se describe la importancia del índice tobillo/brazo en el diagnóstico de ateromatosis arterial en territorios vasculares alejados de los miembros inferiores, y su utilidad en pacientes diabéticos.


Subject(s)
Arteries/abnormalities , Arteries , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/epidemiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases
15.
J. vasc. bras ; 8(3): 247-254, set. 2009. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-535592

ABSTRACT

A maioria dos pacientes portadores de claudicação intermitente, um aspecto clínico da doença arterial periférica, tem importante limitação nas atividades físicas e redução na qualidade de vida. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre a intervenção através de exercícios em portadores de doença arterial obstrutiva periférica com claudicação intermitente. Trata-se de uma revisão de artigos científicos consultados nos bancos de dados da BIREME, PubMed e SciELO, através das fontes LILACS e MEDLINE e a partir dos descritores em Ciências da Saúde claudicação intermitente, doenças vasculares periféricas, reabilitação, exercício e terapia por exercício. Concluiu-se que, apesar da variabilidade dos regimes de caminhada identificados na literatura, o treino aeróbio, de uma forma geral, proporciona benefícios a pacientes portadores de doença arterial obstrutiva periférica com claudicação intermitente, principalmente na melhora do desempenho de caminhada, o que pode ter impacto significativo na qualidade de vida desses pacientes.


Most patients with intermittent claudication, a clinical aspect of peripheral arterial disease, have important limitations on physical activity and a reduced quality of life. The purpose of this study was to review literature on exercise intervention for patients with peripheral occlusive arterial disease and intermittent claudication. BIREME, PubMed (MEDLINE), SciELO and LILACS databases were searched for the terms intermittent claudication, peripheral vascular diseases, rehabilitation, exercise, exercise therapy, all of which were taken from the list of Health Science Descriptors (BIREME). It was concluded that, despite the variability of walking regimens identified in the literature, the aerobic training is of general benefit to patients with peripheral arterial disease and intermittent claudication, mainly improving their walking performance, which can have a significant impact on the quality of life of these patients.


Subject(s)
Intermittent Claudication/complications , Intermittent Claudication/diagnosis , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/complications , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Exercise , Rehabilitation/methods , Exercise Therapy/methods , Quality of Life , Risk Factors
16.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 53(6): 698-708, ago. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-529946

ABSTRACT

O diabetes melito (DM) é um fator de risco independente para doença arterial coronariana, acidente vascular cerebral, doença vascular periférica e insuficiência cardíaca, que são as principais causas de morte nesses pacientes. Além disso, pacientes com DM e doença cardiovascular têm pior prognóstico, por apresentarem menor sobrevida, maior risco de recorrência da doença e pior resposta aos tratamentos propostos. Os avanços diagnósticos e terapêuticos das últimas décadas já mostram uma redução do risco de eventos cardiovasculares nesses pacientes, mas o risco absoluto desses é ainda duas vezes maior em relação ao dos pacientes não diabéticos. Portanto, é prioritária a adoção de um manejo intensivo, com controle rígido dos fatores de risco cardiovasculares. Esta revisão trata das principais características clínicas e apresenta uma abordagem prática do rastreamento, diagnóstico e tratamento da doença macrovascular nos pacientes com DM.


Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease and heart failure, which are the main causes of death in these patients. Moreover, patients with DM and cardiovascular disease have a worse prognosis than nondiabetics, present lower short-term survival, higher risk of recurrence of the disease and a worse response to the treatments proposed. In the last decades, diagnostic and therapeutic progress had already shown benefits concerning cardiovascular risk reduction in these patients, but their absolute mortality risk is still twice that of non-diabetic patients. Because of this, the adoption of intensive treatment, with strict cardiovascular risk factor control, is a priority. The present study presents the main clinical characteristics and also the practical approach for screening, diagnosis and treatment of patients with diabetic macrovascular disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetic Angiopathies/diagnosis , Diabetic Angiopathies/therapy , Coronary Artery Disease/diagnosis , Coronary Artery Disease/etiology , Coronary Artery Disease/therapy , Diabetic Angiopathies/etiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/therapy , Risk Factors , Stroke/diagnosis , Stroke/etiology , Stroke/therapy
17.
Rev. argent. ultrason ; 8(2): 96-99, jun. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-532808

ABSTRACT

En esta primera parte se presenta la epidemiología de esta enfermedad, fisiopatología, factores de riesgo, manifestación clínica, diagnóstico, y obtención del índice tobillo-brazo, considerado el mejor método diagnóstico no invasivo para su estudio.


Subject(s)
Arteries/abnormalities , Arteries , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/epidemiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases
18.
Rev. Méd. Clín. Condes ; 20(3): 340-347, mayo 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-525323

ABSTRACT

La insuficiencia arterial de extremidades inferiores es la forma más frecuente de enfermedad arterial periférica. Clínicamente se presenta como un cuadro asintomático, como claudicación intermitente o finalmente como isquemia crítica de la extremidad. Esta última instancia, caracterizada por dolor de reposo, gangrena o úlcera isquémica de la extremidad, progresará hacia la amputación de no mediar una intervención. El tratamiento médico es básico en todos estos pacientes. Se deben corregir los factores de riesgo, poniendo énfasis en la suspensión del cigarrillo y buen control de la hipertensión arterial, dislipidemia y diabetes. El ejercicio de marcha supervisado es primordial. Hoy en día las opciones de revascularización son la cirugía abierta tradicional y la terapia endovascular. La decisión sobre cuál es ofrecida a los pacientes se basa en variables anatómicas de la lesión y del estado general del paciente. El ideal es tratar a todos los pacientes por vía endovascular dado la baja morbi mortalidad y rápida recuperación postoperatoria.


Peripheral vascular disease commonly affects the arteries supplying the legs. Most of these patients are asymptomatic, some complain of intermittent claudication and luckily few present with critical limb ischemia (rest pain, ulceration and gangrene). In the latter amputation is the only solution unless the limb is revascularised. Medical treatment is essential, based on control of risk factors as hypertension, diabetes and lipid disorders. All patients should be advice to stop smoking and take a supervised exercise program. Nowadays the options for revascularization are endovascular procedures and surgery. Which one is suitable for every patient depends on anatomical and patient characteristics; however the best one seems to be the endovascular procedure due to low morbidity and mortality plus fast recovery


Subject(s)
Humans , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/complications , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/therapy , Intermittent Claudication/etiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/classification , Ischemia/etiology , Lower Extremity
20.
Journal of Tehran University Heart Center [The]. 2009; 4 (1): 39-43
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-91930

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of diabetes mellitus [DM] on peripheral vascular disease [PVD] in patients with coronary artery disease [CAD]. A total of 13702 consecutive patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting [CABG] at Tehran Heart Center between January 2002 and March 2007 were included in this study. The demographic data, PVD, and outcome of these patients were reviewed. CABG patients before surgery were detected for PVD [stenosis >/= 70% in the abdominal aorta; renal, carotid, and iliac arteries; or any other peripheral vascular system] with physical examination and past medical history. The suspected cases of PVD were, thereafter, confirmed via Doppler sonography or invasive angiography. This study recruited 4344 diabetic patients [mean age 59.30 +/- 8.7 years] and 9358 non-diabetic patients [mean age 58.42 +/- 9.9 years]. The diabetics were significantly older and had a higher incidence of PVD [2.7% vs. 1.8%], female gender, hypertension, renal failure, smoking, and dyslipidemia than the non-diabetics [P < 0.05]. There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to family history and left main disease. Also, the mean ejection fraction [EF] was 48.85% +/- 10.4 and 49.35% +/- 10. In the patients with and without DM, respectively; and the difference was significant [P = 0.008]. The in-hospital mortality rate [mortality over a 30-day post-operative period] was 1.8% in the diabetics and 0.7% in the non-diabetics [P < 0.001]. In the multivariate analysis, PVD, left main disease, age, female gender, and EF were significant in the development of mortality amongst the diabetic patients with a respective odds ratio of 4.17, 5.54, 1.03, 2.86, and 0.95 [P

Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Coronary Artery Bypass , Coronary Artery Disease , Risk Assessment
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